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Understanding Poor Healthcare Utilisation Among Healthcare Workers: Insights from Clinical and Non-clinical Staff in Ondo State, Nigeria

Received: 3 December 2025     Accepted: 15 December 2025     Published: 31 December 2025
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Abstract

Healthcare workers are central to delivering quality care, yet many struggle to attend to their own health due to heavy workloads, long hours, and a culture that normalizes self-treatment. This study examined healthcare-seeking patterns and determinants of service utilisation among clinical and non-clinical workers in tertiary hospitals in Ondo State, Nigeria, using a comparative mixed-methods cross-sectional design involving 460 participants. Quantitative data were collected through pretested interviewer-administered questionnaires, complemented by qualitative insights from Key Informant Interviews, with analysis conducted using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, logistic regression (p<0.05), and thematic analysis with NVIVO 14. Findings showed that clinical workers were generally younger and exhibited poorer health behaviours compared to non-clinical staff, with inappropriate health-seeking behaviour high in both groups but more pronounced among clinical workers (87.4% vs. 80%). Utilisation of available health services was similarly poor, slightly lower among non-clinical workers (83.9% vs. 82.2%). Predictors of better healthcare utilisation among clinical workers included being on regular medication, appropriate health-seeking behaviour, and having health insurance, while among non-clinical workers, ever consulting a doctor and good health-seeking behaviour significantly increased utilisation. Overall, despite perceiving themselves as healthy, both groups demonstrated poor health-seeking patterns and underutilisation of available services, highlighting the urgent need for policies and institutional strategies that promote preventive care, routine screening, and a healthier workplace culture for all healthcare workers.

Published in European Journal of Preventive Medicine (Volume 13, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ejpm.20251306.12
Page(s) 130-147
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Health-seeking Behaviour, Healthcare Utilisation, Clinical Workers, Ondo State

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Ihinmikaye, I., Onayade, A. A., Adebayo, A. M., Kareem, A. O., Ihinmikaye, B. C., et al. (2025). Understanding Poor Healthcare Utilisation Among Healthcare Workers: Insights from Clinical and Non-clinical Staff in Ondo State, Nigeria. European Journal of Preventive Medicine, 13(6), 130-147. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20251306.12

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    ACS Style

    Ihinmikaye, I.; Onayade, A. A.; Adebayo, A. M.; Kareem, A. O.; Ihinmikaye, B. C., et al. Understanding Poor Healthcare Utilisation Among Healthcare Workers: Insights from Clinical and Non-clinical Staff in Ondo State, Nigeria. Eur. J. Prev. Med. 2025, 13(6), 130-147. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20251306.12

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    AMA Style

    Ihinmikaye I, Onayade AA, Adebayo AM, Kareem AO, Ihinmikaye BC, et al. Understanding Poor Healthcare Utilisation Among Healthcare Workers: Insights from Clinical and Non-clinical Staff in Ondo State, Nigeria. Eur J Prev Med. 2025;13(6):130-147. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20251306.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ejpm.20251306.12,
      author = {Isaac Ihinmikaye and Adedeji Ayodeji Onayade and Ayodeji Mathew Adebayo and Adesola Olawumi Kareem and Busayo Christiana Ihinmikaye and Olufemi Adesola Asunloye},
      title = {Understanding Poor Healthcare Utilisation Among Healthcare Workers: Insights from Clinical and Non-clinical Staff in Ondo State, Nigeria},
      journal = {European Journal of Preventive Medicine},
      volume = {13},
      number = {6},
      pages = {130-147},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ejpm.20251306.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20251306.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ejpm.20251306.12},
      abstract = {Healthcare workers are central to delivering quality care, yet many struggle to attend to their own health due to heavy workloads, long hours, and a culture that normalizes self-treatment. This study examined healthcare-seeking patterns and determinants of service utilisation among clinical and non-clinical workers in tertiary hospitals in Ondo State, Nigeria, using a comparative mixed-methods cross-sectional design involving 460 participants. Quantitative data were collected through pretested interviewer-administered questionnaires, complemented by qualitative insights from Key Informant Interviews, with analysis conducted using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, logistic regression (p<0.05), and thematic analysis with NVIVO 14. Findings showed that clinical workers were generally younger and exhibited poorer health behaviours compared to non-clinical staff, with inappropriate health-seeking behaviour high in both groups but more pronounced among clinical workers (87.4% vs. 80%). Utilisation of available health services was similarly poor, slightly lower among non-clinical workers (83.9% vs. 82.2%). Predictors of better healthcare utilisation among clinical workers included being on regular medication, appropriate health-seeking behaviour, and having health insurance, while among non-clinical workers, ever consulting a doctor and good health-seeking behaviour significantly increased utilisation. Overall, despite perceiving themselves as healthy, both groups demonstrated poor health-seeking patterns and underutilisation of available services, highlighting the urgent need for policies and institutional strategies that promote preventive care, routine screening, and a healthier workplace culture for all healthcare workers.},
     year = {2025}
    }
    

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    AU  - Adedeji Ayodeji Onayade
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    AB  - Healthcare workers are central to delivering quality care, yet many struggle to attend to their own health due to heavy workloads, long hours, and a culture that normalizes self-treatment. This study examined healthcare-seeking patterns and determinants of service utilisation among clinical and non-clinical workers in tertiary hospitals in Ondo State, Nigeria, using a comparative mixed-methods cross-sectional design involving 460 participants. Quantitative data were collected through pretested interviewer-administered questionnaires, complemented by qualitative insights from Key Informant Interviews, with analysis conducted using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, logistic regression (p<0.05), and thematic analysis with NVIVO 14. Findings showed that clinical workers were generally younger and exhibited poorer health behaviours compared to non-clinical staff, with inappropriate health-seeking behaviour high in both groups but more pronounced among clinical workers (87.4% vs. 80%). Utilisation of available health services was similarly poor, slightly lower among non-clinical workers (83.9% vs. 82.2%). Predictors of better healthcare utilisation among clinical workers included being on regular medication, appropriate health-seeking behaviour, and having health insurance, while among non-clinical workers, ever consulting a doctor and good health-seeking behaviour significantly increased utilisation. Overall, despite perceiving themselves as healthy, both groups demonstrated poor health-seeking patterns and underutilisation of available services, highlighting the urgent need for policies and institutional strategies that promote preventive care, routine screening, and a healthier workplace culture for all healthcare workers.
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